135Cs/137Cs isotopic composition of environmental samples across Europe: Environmental transport and source term emission applications

Processing and transport of environmental virus samples.

Poliovirus-seeded tap water, conditioned with MgCl2 and passed through virus-adsorbing filters, gave better poliovirus recovery than water identically treated but conditioned with AlCl3. Elution of several filter types with beef extract yielded higher recoveries than did elution with glycine. Seeded samples filtered through various filters and stored showed considerable virus loss in 2 days whe...

Environmental correlates of badger social spacing across Europe

Aim The European badger (Meles meles, Linnaeus 1758) has been a focus for numerous studies of behaviour, physiology and ecology and, in particular, for testing theories concerning the evolution of sociality. However, most of these studies originate from the British Isles, where the behavioural ecology of this species differs markedly from elsewhere across its pan-Eurasian geographical range. We...

Handling Large Volume Samples: Applications of Spe to Environmental Matrices

Methods for Environmental Samples

The United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requires the determination of important trace elements in a variety of environmental samples. Graphite furnace atomic absorption methods are recommended for some elements including As, Se, Cd, Pb, Tl, Sb, Ag, Be and Cr. Graphite furnace analyses can be difficult due to chemical and spectral interferences. Quantification in atomic absorptio...

Environmental effects of agri-environmental schemes in Western Europe.

Agri-environmental schemes (AES) have been introduced as part of European Union's (EU) Common Agricultural Policy and are now an important part of this. A methodological approach to analyse the policy effects of AES is outlined, in which we distinguish between performance effects (on agricultural practices) and outcome effects (environmental impact). The performance effects are further approach...